Research on Lighting Design of Railway Passenger Station

　　1 Introduction

　　With the progress of society and the development of the times, the greater the significance of lighting design in the construction of railway passenger terminal buildings, the more important it is. For this reason, it is very necessary  establish a new concept of lighting design for railway passenger stations. It is embodied in the following aspects:

　　(1) The design of indoor lighting should meet the needs of various visual work and play a role in functional lighting.

　　(2) Use lighting  create a light environment  form a comfortable, pleasant and warm atmosphere, so as  relieve passengers' bad mood.

　　(3) The passenger terminal is an important building, and the lighting of the station building also plays a role in decorating the building and setting off the atmosphere.

　　(4) Lighting design should fully consider energy saving, effectively use natural light, adopt measures  extend the life of light source lamps, and establish the concept of green lighting.

　　This article expounds the design method of the lighting concept of the continuous railway passenger station from the aspects of lighting electrical, control design, lighting scheme and energy-saving design.

　　2. Lighting power supply system and control scheme

　　2.1 Load class

　　According  TB 10008-2006 "Code for Design of Railway Electric Power", Article 4.1.2, the classification of lighting load levels for railway passenger stations is shown in Table 1. The building scale is shown in Table 2 and Table 3.

　　Table 1 Classification of main electricity load of passenger stations

　　Table 2 The construction scale of passenger station of passenger and freight trains on the same line

　　Table 3 Construction scale of passenger railway passenger stations on passenger dedicated lines

　　2.2 Power supply scheme

　　According  Article 6.1.1 of the "Detailed Rules for the Lighting Design of Railway Passenger Station Buildings" (hereinafter referred  as the "Detailed Rules"): "When the low-voltage bus of a substation is segmented according  the load level, the lighting load power supply shall be taken from the substation one and two And load bus or important load bus." For medium-sized and above station buildings, two or more power sources should generally be provided. In the lighting design of passenger stations, the lighting trunk should be drawn from the first or second bus section, and the power supply radius should not exceed 500m. At the same time, according  the power supply division, fire protection division, functional division, combined with the building conditions, set up the lighting distribution room, and reasonably configure the location of the lighting distribution box.

　　Article 6.1.2 of the "Detailed Regulations": "The obstructions in public areas shall be cross-powered  each control unit from dual power sources in accordance with the principle of uniformity." The lighting power supply design shall fully consider the cross-power supply requirements of the public areas, and make rational use of the radiation type. , Trunk type and chain type wiring methods, design power supply system [1].

　　Emergency lighting should be powered by a dual-input emergency power supply (EPS), which is installed in the lighting distribution room of each district. If EPS power supply is uneconomical or difficult  achieve, emergency lighting with batteries should be used, and the power supply can be connected  the special circuit of the district lighting distribution box[2][3].

　　2.3 Lighting control

　　For small and medium-sized station buildings, traditional control methods can be adopted. The house lighting is controlled on the spot, and the public area lighting is controlled by a lighting distribution box.

　　For medium-sized and above station buildings, due  the large area and wide distribution of lighting in large spaces, the use of traditional control methods will cause many inconveniences  users, and it is advisable  use intelligent lighting control systems for lighting control. Areas such as waiting hall, exit hall, ticket hall and rain shed are managed by intelligent lighting system [4], which can not only realize local and remote control methods, but also set scene modes (day, night, festival, etc.) ,  achieve the effect of contrasting atmosphere and energy saving.

　　The emergency lighting of equipment and office housing areas is controlled on-site. In an emergency, the fire alarm system (FAS) controls the strong start line output in the EPS  light the emergency lighting; the emergency lighting of the public area is controlled by FAS through the FAS interface of the intelligent lighting control system [5].

　　The lighting control forms are flexible and diverse, and the actual design should be closely integrated with reality  bring convenient and reliable effects  users.

　　3. Lighting scheme design

　　3.1 Lighting method and illuminance standard

　　After collecting professional interior design drawings of buildings and structures, and understanding the requirements of the light environment, lighting lighting design can be carried out. The first step of lighting design is  determine the lighting method and choose a reasonable illuminance standard.

　　(1) Direct lighting. The light is emitted through the luminaire, and 90%  100% of the luminous flux reaches the assumed working surface. This lighting method is direct lighting. This lighting method has a strong contrast between light and dark, and can create interesting and vivid light and shadow effects, which can highlight the dominant position of the work surface in the entire environment, but due  the high brightness, it should prevent the generation of glare. According  the requirements of the "Detailed Regulations", from the perspective of energy conservation, general space lighting in passenger stations should be mainly direct lighting.

　　(2) Indirect lighting. The indirect lighting method is a lighting method of indirect light generated by shielding the light source, in which 90%  100% of the luminous flux acts on the working surface through the ceiling or wall reflection, and the light below 10% directly illuminates the working surface. When indirect lighting is used in the station building, it is usually used in conjunction with other lighting methods  achieve special artistic effects. Attention should be paid  cooperate with the building decoration  create a lighting effect consistent with the architectural style.

　　The illuminance standard complies with the "Railway Station Lighting Design Rules", and the main standards are shown in Table 4.

　　Table 4 Illuminance standard

　　3.2 Selection of light source and lamps

　　The main lamps that should be selected for the lighting of railway passenger stations are: three-color T5 or T8 fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, metal halide lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps and LEDs, etc. Crystal lamps can be used in the VIP room of the station. If there is no special need, halogen should not be selected. Tungsten lamp.

　　Among them, the main public spaces such as ticket halls, waiting halls, etc., use metal halide lamps and compact fluorescent lamps. Among them, compact fluorescent lamps and tri-color fluorescent lamps are the main ones below 6m; metal halide lamps should be used for 6-25m, and the power of a single lamp should not exceed 250W; the power of metal halide lamps above 25m should not exceed 400W.

　　Dining areas, passenger lounges and other places that need  create a warm atmosphere should be based on warm colors, and the color temperature of the corresponding light source should be a low color temperature below 3300K. Waiting rooms, ticket rooms and other public spaces where passengers stay for a long time, with a color temperature of 3300～5300K reflecting the bright and uniform style. And some places that require high illuminance, such as workbenches, security check areas, etc., the color temperature can be above 5300K.

　　At the same time, the light distribution curve and distance--height ratio of the lamps should be selected reasonably  ensure the uniformity of lighting, as shown in Table 5.

　　Table 5 Maximum distance--height ratio allowed b