The "three systems" composition of 9 kinds of lamps

　　What is a lamp?

　　The International Lighting Commission defines a lamp as: "It can redistribute, filter or convert the light emitted by the light source." In addition, it also includes the necessary components for fixing and protecting the light source, as well as auxiliary circuit equipment connecting the light source and the power supply line.

　　Starting from the definition, any piece of lighting can be decomposed in three major systems:

　　1. Mechanical system: fixation, protection, support, safety

　　2. Electrical system: power supply, maintenance, insulation, control

　　3. Optical system: anti-glare, light distribution

　　For example, for a high bay lamp, there will be a hanging rod between the lamp body and the ceiling, which can play a fixed support role. This is the mechanical system of this lamp; and the ballast between the pole and the lamp body is electrical System; the remaining reflecrs, lenses, etc. belong  the optical system. Another example is a certain lamp panel: the upper part of the iron shell is the mechanical system of the entire lamp panel, the ballast inside the iron panel is the electrical system, and the botm grille is the optical system part. Each piece of lighting has these three systems.

　　For lamps, its biggest function is  redistribute the light emitted by the light source, and then control the light-emitting angle. Therefore, among the three major systems, the optical system accounts for the largest proportion of the performance of lamps and lanterns, which can account for 60%, and the remaining electrical systems and mechanical systems each account for 20%.

　　1. a chandelier

　　The structure of the chandelier looks very simple and clear, but there are not many of its three major systems: the wire connecting the chandelier and the lamp holder has two functions. First, it can input current in the bulb and emit light; second, It supports the chandelier firmly fixed  the ceiling, so this wire is both an electrical system and a mechanical system. The lampshade net outside this lamp does not play the role of the optical system, but it has a certain decorativeness (some chandeliers have lampshade shells, which can effectively prevent glare).

　　2. Traditional downlight

　　The structure of the downlight is more complicated than that of the chandelier. The botm of the lamp body is a cover, which is decorative and helps  install the lamp body on the ceiling (mechanical system); then there is a reflecr on the inner layer with light distribution Function (optical system);

　　The upper part of the installation spring and the lamp body bracket help support and fix the bulb, and the remaining junction box is an insular  ensure electrical safety.

　　3. LED downlight

　　The current LED downlight is similar in structure  the above-mentioned downlight, except that the light source has been changed. It is no longer a light bulb, but a light source board. In order for this light source board  work normally, the lamp body needs a driver, flashing film, shading ring, etc., all of which belong  the category of optical systems.

　　Secondly, the cover and spring form a mechanical system that can fix the lamp on the ceiling.

　　4. LED spotlight

　　Similarly, the internal structure of the LED spotlight is also roughly the same, with a face cover, a radiar (the light source can work more efficiently), a reflecr, etc. On this basis, connecrs and mounting brackets are added  fix the spotlight on The corresponding position.

　　5. LED panel light

　　The light source of the LED panel light is embedded on the frame, and the light is derived through the light guide plate. The botm cover at the rear is for fixed use.

　　6. Track lights

　　In fact, track lights are the same, each of its fine structures can be divided in a certain system. The outermost layer of the lamp body has a protective shell and a hood, and the innermost has various optical devices.

　　7. led high bay light

　　Now the latest high bay lights are no longer like the original traditional high bay lights. There is no longer a reflecr in its structure, but a lens instead, which becomes the optical system of the lamp; the iron chain above the lamp body and the mounting frame are its safety machinery system.

　　8. Lawn lights

　　The lawn lamp in the park is also a very common type of lamp, and its structural composition is also very simple: the outermost lamp body is connected with a transparent lampshade  prevent rain from outside from entering the lamp body. This is its safety protection mechanical system; at the same time , This lampshade is also one of the optical systems, which can ensure the uniform divergence of light.

　　9. Solar street light

　　Solar street lights are the most complicated type of lamps. Because they need  use solar energy, there will be a complex control system at the botm of the street lights, including controllers, battery boxes, flat cushions, etc.

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